位置相关信息服务中一种基于价值的数据预取方法

基于LDD的预取策略如DDP考虑了数据距离,但是没有考虑数据的访问概率和更新频率和数据大小,针对以上问题提出基于价值的数据预取(CDP)策略,一些重要的数据预取因素如访问概率、更新频率、数据项大小、数据距离和有效范围等都包含在价值函数里,根据价值函数值的大小来选择被预取的数据。通过实验对比,CDP比DDP策略更有效的提高缓存的命中率。     

协调内外需关系的若干理论思考

内需反映一国的内生增长能力,外需反映一国利用国外市场和国外资源实现增长的能力,内外需关系可以用内外需比指标大致衡量。一般而言,内外需呈现相互替代、相互促进的关系。影响内外需关系的因素包括国内市场规模、经济发展阶段、贸易政策与制度等因素,而内外需关系又将影响到产业结构及产业关联、内外经济循环、贸易条件及国民福利等方面。在协调内外需关系方面,政府应扮演重要角色,确定合理的目标及方向。     

确保砼外观质量的施工技术措施

随着桥梁工程建设越来越注重砼外观质量,特别是城市及旅游景点的桥梁工程,出露的结构物往往要求一次浇筑成型,面层平整光滑、色泽均匀,棱角顺直、无碰损和污染,不需做任何外装饰,直接采用现浇砼的自然色作为饰面。文章通过模板、砼配合比、砼浇筑及振捣等方面详细阐述了确保砼外观质量的技术措施。     

Corporate giving in Taiwan: agency cost theory vs. value enhancement theory

This article examines the determinants of corporate giving (CG) in Taiwan according to agency cost (AC) and value enhancement (VE) theories. Panel regression test results reveal several new and interesting pieces of evidence. First, VE determinants outweigh AC determinants in explaining CG there. Second, the positive link between the current CG ratio (CGR) and the lagged CGR (CGR(-1)) suggests the consistent nature of CG. Third, after the global financial crisis in 2008, the influence of debt leverage on CGR vanished, but the impact of managerial insiders’ shareholdings on CGR became significant. Last, the influences of VE determinants and CGR(-1) on CGR remain during both pre-crisis and post-crisis periods. Moreover, after the crisis, CG was still motivated to create current value for shareholders, and was apparently used as a business strategy to signal companies’ financial or managerial stability.     

Corporate Stock and Bond Return Correlations and Dynamic Adjustments of Capital Structure

This paper analyses the effects of dynamic correlations between stock and bond returns issued by the same firm on the speed of adjustment towards target leverage. The results show that the estimated correlations are time varying, show persistence and differ among firms. Analysis of the potential explanatory variables reveals that the correlations decrease with negative expectations about future aggregate risks, but only for firms with a low default probability. In contrast, correlations are positively associated with specific risk measures, especially idiosyncratic stock risk and financial leverage. The positive relationship between the correlations and the leverage ratio suggests that target leverage can be achieved faster when the stock–bond correlation is high. Our results show that this is the case.     

What explains the value premium? The case of adjustment costs,operating leverage and financial leverage

This paper empirically examines and compares the different theoretical predictions on how adjustment costs, operating and financial leverage influence the value premium. Consistent with Ozdagli (2012), financial leverage plays a dominant role, supported by adjustment costs (which represent the degree of investment irreversibility). Specifically, the observed value premium is driven by the financial leverage differences between value and growth firms, partially neutralized by investment irreversibility. The relation between the value premium and investment irreversibility is contrary to the intuition in Zhang (2005) and Cooper (2006). Operating leverage does not significantly influence the value premium.     

利用层次分析法建立图书馆的图书利用率模型

根据图书馆的图书借阅状况,利用层次分析法建立图书利用率模型,给出图书利用率的计算公式,从而给出图书的使用效果估测,为管理者对图书投资和采购提供决策。     

高速公路路面改建工程沥青路面早期水损坏原因分析

沥青路面早期的水损害是沥青路面早期损坏的一种主要形式。本文通过大量的现场调查及室内试验,得出沥青路面早期水损坏的主要原因是路面空隙率过大、集料粉尘含量超标、路面油类污染。     

Stochastic Dominance Analysis of iShares

Abstract

Country indices as represented by iShares exhibit non-normal return distributions with both skewness and kurtosis. Earlier studies provide procedures for determining the statistical significance of stochastic dominance measures and the Sharpe Ratio. This present study uses these refinements to compare the performance of 18 country market indices. The iShares are indistinguishable when using the Sharpe Ratio as no significant differences are found. In contrast, stochastic dominance procedures identify dominant iShares. Although the results vary over time, stochastic dominance appears to be both more robust and discriminating than the CAPM in the ranking of the iShares.